1. 概述

【主编】

李玉民     兰州大学第二医院

李兆申     海军军医大学第一附属医院

【副主编】

胡文彪     澳大利亚昆士兰科技大学

季加孚     北京大学肿瘤医院

乔 梁      悉尼大学医学院Westmead医学研究所

乔友林     中国医学科学院

汤朝晖     上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院

吴 泓      四川大学华西医院

徐 骁      浙江大学医学院附属第一医院

张学文     吉林大学第二医院

张亚玮     中国医学科学院肿瘤医院

周 俭     复旦大学附属中山医院

周文策     兰州大学第二医院

朱继业     北京大学人民医院

【编委】（按姓氏拼音排序）

曹林平     浙江大学医学院附属第一医院

陈 昊     兰州大学第二医院

陈天辉     浙江省肿瘤医院

陈耀龙     兰州大学基础医学院

陈应泰     中国医学科学院肿瘤医院

方驰华     南方医科大学珠江医院                   

甘 婷     澳大利亚昆士兰科技大学

顾艳梅     兰州大学第二临床医学院

何裕隆     中山大学附属第七医院

贺东强     兰州大学第二医院

胡建昆     四川大学华西医院

胡俊波     华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院

胡晓斌     兰州大学公共卫生学院

冀 明      首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院

荚卫东     中国科学技术大学附属第一医院

焦作义     兰州大学第二医院

景丽百合  兰州大学第二医院

康鹏德     四川大学华西医院

李 非     首都医科大学宣武医院

李 华     中山大学附属第三医院

李 涛     北京大学人民医院

李文涛    上海市胸科医院

李 想     兰州大学第二临床医学院

刘 蓓     兰州大学第一医院

刘昌军    湖南省人民医院

刘光琇    中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院

刘宏斌    解放军联勤保障部940医院

刘 杰     兰州大学第二医院

刘 荣     中国人民解放军总医院

刘 涛     兰州大学第二医院

门同义    内蒙古医科大学附属医院

孟文勃    兰州大学第一医院

彭 健     中南大学湘雅医院

邵英梅    新疆医科大学第一附属医院                       

沈云志    天津大学中心医院

宋爱琳    兰州大学第二医院

宋飞雪    兰州大学第二医院

宋克薇    济宁市第一人民医院

孙维建    温州医科大学附属第一医院

孙 备    哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院

田普训    西安交通大学第一附属医院

屠政良    浙江大学医学院附属第一医院

王保军    中国人民解放军总医院

王德贵    兰州大学基础医学院

王东升    兰州大学药学院

王 捷     中山大学附属第二医院

王俊玲    兰州大学公共卫生学院

王 艳     首都医科大学

王 正     兰州大学第二临床医学院

卫洪波    中山大学附属第三医院

吴 静     首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院

吴 健     浙江大学医学院附属第一医院

谢小冬    兰州大学基础医学院

杨克虎    兰州大学基础医学院

杨 扬     中山大学附属第三医院

张德奎    兰州大学第二医院

张 凡    兰州大学第二医院

张继军    山西医科大学第一医院

张 磊    兰州大学第一医院

张水军    郑州大学第一附属医院

张 毅    郑州大学第一附属医院

赵 军    兰州大学第二医院

郑 弘    天津市第一中心医院  

周彦明   厦门大学第一医院

朱 帆    武汉大学基础医学院

[1] Yujie W, Siyi H, Mengdi C, Yi T, Qianru L, Nuopei T, Jiachen W, Tingting Z, Tianyi L, Yuanjie Z, Changfa X and Wanqing C. Comparative analysis of cancer statistics in China and the United States in 2024. Chin Med J (Engl). 2024; 137(24):3093-3100.

[2] Wenjie L and Wei W. Causal effects of exposure to ambient air pollution on cancer risk: Insights from genetic evidence. Sci Total Environ. 2023; 912:168843.

[3] Zhu M, Han Y, Mou Y, Meng X, Ji C, Zhu X, Yu C, Sun D, Yang L, Sun Q, Chen Y, Du H, Dai J, et al. Long-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Chinese Nonsmokers. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025

[4] Yingxin L, Zhimin H, Jing W, Ruijun X, Tingting L, Zihua Z, Likun L, Sihan L, Yi Z, Gongbo C, Ziquan L, Suli H, Xi C, et al. Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter constituents and mortality from total and site-specific gastrointestinal cancer. Environ Res. 2023; 244:117927.

[5] Chen Y, Yang S, Lin J, Gu S, Wu L, Huang W, Yang J and Li M. Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants and risk of prostate cancer: A prospective cohort study. Environmental research. 2025; 270:121020.

[6] Yutong S, Lei Y, Ning K, Ning W, Xi Z, Shuo L, Huichao L, Tao X and Jiafu J. Associations of incident female breast cancer with long-term exposure to PM(2.5) and its constituents: Findings from a prospective cohort study in Beijing, China. J Hazard Mater. 2024; 473:134614.

[7] Wu X, Zhang X, Yu X, Liang H, Tang S and Wang Y. Exploring the association between air pollution and the incidence of liver cancers. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2025; 290:117437.

[8] Lei Y, Ning K, Ning W, Xi Z, Shuo L, Huichao L, Lili C, Tao X, Ziyu L, Jiafu J and Tong Z. Specifying the Associations between PM(2.5) Constituents and Gastrointestinal Cancer Incidence: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study in Beijing, China. Environ Sci Technol. 2024; 58(49):21489-21498.

[9] Zi-Yi J, Kuangyu L, Gina W, Jin-Yi Z, Li-Na M, Xing L, Li-Ming L, Na H, Ming W, Jin-Kou Z and Zuo-Feng Z. Environmental tobacco smoking (ETS) and esophageal cancer: A population-based case-control study in Jiangsu Province, China. Int J Cancer. 2024; 156(8):1552-1562.

[10] Jie L, Ting G, Wenbiao H and Yumin L. Does ambient particulate matter 1 increase the risk of gastric cancer in the northwest of China? Int J Cancer. 2024; 156(1):104-113.

[11] Jingmei J, Luwen Z, Zixing W, Wentao G, Cuihong Y, Yubing S, Jing Z, Wei H, Yaoda H, Fang X, Wangyue C, Xiaobo G, Hairong L, et al. Spatial consistency of co-exposure to air and surface water pollution and cancer in China. Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):7813.

[12] Tian W, Guo P, Li H and Zhang G. Probability risk assessment of soil PAH contamination premised on industrial brownfield development: a case from China. Environmental science and pollution research international. 2022; 29(1):1559-1572.

[13] Jun L, Jun-Zhuo L, Xi-Sheng T, Liang J, Ming Z and Fei Z. Pollution and source-specific risk analysis of potentially toxic metals in urban soils of an oasis-tourist city in northwest China. Environ Geochem Health. 2024; 46(2):55.

[14] Hua Z, Shengjie L, Aoxiang Z, Jian S, Yuanyuan Y, Kevin C and Lanjuan L. Hazard assessment of airborne and foodborne biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates microplastics and non-biodegradable polypropylene microplastics. Environ Int. 2025; 196:109311.

[15] Liu Y, Li Y, Dong S, Han L, Guo R, Fu Y, Zhang S and Chen J. The risk and impact of organophosphate esters on the development of female-specific cancers: Comparative analysis of patients with benign and malignant tumors. Journal of hazardous materials. 2021; 404:124020.

[16] Qian D, Yana B, Yongjun L, Shan Z, Minzhen W, Zhongge W, Jianyun S, Desheng Z, Chun Y, Li M, Yongbin L, Lizhen Z, Ruirui C, et al. Perfluoroalkyl substances exposure and the risk of breast cancer: A nested case-control study in Jinchang Cohort. Environ Res. 2024; 262:119909.

[17] Cao M, Xia C, Cao M, Yang F, Yan X, He S, Zhang S, Teng Y, Li Q, Tan N, Wang J and Chen W. Attributable liver cancer deaths and disability-adjusted life years in China and worldwide: profiles and changing trends. Cancer biology & medicine. 2024; 21(8):679-691.

[18] Fuping W, Yi H, Hui Z, Zhangting Z, Wenjia W, Fan C, Weimin Q, Junyi J, Liwei A, Yan M, Jie Y, Yang T, Yun Z, et al. Epstein-Barr virus infection upregulates extracellular OLFM4 to activate YAP signaling during gastric cancer progression. Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):10543.

[19] Xinxin Y, Hongmei Z, He L, Maomao C, Fan Y, Siyi H, Shaoli Z, Yi T, Qianru L, Changfa X and Wanqing C. The current infection with Helicobacter pylori and association with upper gastrointestinal lesions and risk of upper gastrointestinal cancer: Insights from multicenter population-based cohort study. Int J Cancer. 2024; 155(7):1203-1211.

[20] Yi F, Chanchan H, Xiaoxu X, Yanfeng W, Chen C, Zhaokun W, Xueqiong H, Dongxia J, Shaodan H, Zhijian H and Fengqiong L. Effects of diets on risks of cancer and the mediating role of metabolites. Nat Commun. 2024; 15(1):5903.

[21] Huan T, Zedong J, Linlin S, Keqin T, Xiaomeng Y, Chengyuan H, Juan H, Xiaoyue L, Xiaofan J, Hong Y, Guangqi L, Yunuo Z, Qianlong K, et al. Dual impacts of serine/glycine-free diet in enhancing antitumor immunity and promoting evasion via PD-L1 lactylation. Cell Metab. 2024; 36(12):2493-2510.e9.

[22] Yaoyao L, Zeyu L, Jiaru C, Manfeng L, Chunqing C, Fei Z and Xueqiong Z. Personal history of irradiation and risk of breast cancer: A Mendelian randomisation study. J Glob Health. 2024; 14:04106.

[23] Wenyi D, Jiamin Y, Dan Z, Yizhi G, Yujie Z, Xin C and Xia H. Effects of ambient temperature, relative humidity and absolute humidity on risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. Int J Cancer. 2024; 155(4):646-653.

[24] Takahiro S, Yunlong Y, Xiaoting S, Sharon L, Sisi X, Ziheng G, Wenjing X, Masashi K, Hiroshi S, Kayoko H, Xu J, Masahito Y, Lili Q, et al. Brown-fat-mediated tumour suppression by cold-altered global metabolism. Nature. 608(7922):421-428.

[25] Peng H, Wu X, Cui X, Liu S, Liang Y, Cai X, Shi M, Zhong R, Li C, Liu J, Wu D, Gao Z, Lu X, et al. Molecular and immune characterization of Chinese early-stage non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer: a multi-omics cohort study. Translational lung cancer research. 2024; 13(4):763-784.

[26] Hill W, Lim E, Weeden C, Lee C, Augustine M, Chen K, Kuan F, Marongiu F, Evans E, Moore D, Rodrigues F, Pich O, Bakker B, et al. Lung adenocarcinoma promotion by air pollutants. Nature. 2023; 616(7955):159-167.

[27] Dong X, Zhu Q, Yuan C, Wang Y, Ma X, Shi X, Chen W, Dong Z, Chen L, Shen Q, Xu H, Ding Y, Gong W, et al. Associations of Intrapancreatic Fat Deposition With Incident Diseases of the Exocrine and Endocrine Pancreas: A UK Biobank Prospective Cohort Study. The American journal of gastroenterology. 2024; 119(6):1158-1166.

[28] Mengmeng L, Su-Mei C, Niki D, Lan W, Ji-Bin L and Jun Y. Association of Metabolic Syndrome With Risk of Lung Cancer: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Chest. 2023; 165(1):213-223.

[29] Jiang F, Zhao J, Sun J, Chen W, Zhao Y, Zhou S, Yuan S, Timofeeva M, Law P, Larsson S, Chen D, Houlston R, Dunlop M, et al. Impact of ambient air pollution on colorectal cancer risk and survival: insights from a prospective cohort and epigenetic Mendelian randomization study. EBioMedicine. 2024; 103:105126.

[30] Dou X, Dan C, Zhang D, Zhou H, He R, Zhou G, Zhu Y, Fu N, Niu B, Xu S, Liao Y, Luo Z, Yang L, et al. Genomic mutation patterns and prognostic value in de novo and secondary acute myeloid leukemia: A multicenter study from China. International journal of cancer. 2024; 155(12):2253-2264.

[31] Yiling W, Yuxin W, Qianqian C, Yongyi H, Duanyang Z, Wenhan Y, Lin Y, Juan X, Kaiping G, Liyuan S and Rihong Z. Downregulation of tRNA methyltransferase FTSJ1 by PM2.5 promotes glycolysis and malignancy of NSCLC via facilitating PGK1 expression and translation. Cell Death Dis. 2024; 15(12):911.

[32] Yi W, Xuling S, Qianqian W, Likun Z, Yaling Y, Yiwei Z and Zhiyan L. Bisphenol A exposure enhances proliferation and tumorigenesis of papillary thyroid carcinoma through ROS generation and activation of NOX4 signaling pathways. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025; 292:117946.

[33] Ling Y, Christiana K, Julia S, Pang Y, Yu G, Jun L, Robin G W, Yiping C, Hannah F, Daniel A, Canqing Y, Jianrong J, Alexander J M, et al. Prospective evaluation of the relevance of Epstein-Barr virus antibodies for early detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Chinese adults. Int J Epidemiol. 2024; 53(4):dyae098.

[34] Wen-Jie C, Xia Y, Yu-Qiang L, Ruth M P, Wei L, Shang-Hang X, Zhi-Cong W, Xue-Qi L, Yu-Ying F, Biao-Hua W, Kuang-Rong W, Hui-Lan R, Qi-Hong H, et al. Impact of an Epstein-Barr Virus Serology-Based Screening Program on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Mortality: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2024; 43(1):22-31.

[35] Pan K, Li W, Zhang L, Liu W, Ma J, Zhang Y, Ulm K, Wang J, Zhang L, Bajbouj M, Zhang L, Li M, Vieth M, et al. Gastric cancer prevention by community eradication of Helicobacter pylori: a cluster-randomized controlled trial. Nature medicine. 2024; 30(11):3250-3260.

[36] Tian J, Zhang M, Zhang F, Gao K, Lu Z, Cai Y, Chen C, Ning C, Li Y, Qian S, Bai H, Liu Y, Zhang H, et al. Developing an optimal stratification model for colorectal cancer screening and reducing racial disparities in multi-center population-based studies. Genome medicine. 2024; 16(1):81.

[37] Wen-Cai Z, Fei L, Qian-Ren-Shun Q, Yu-Peng W, Zhi-Bin K, Shao-Hao C, Dong-Ning C, Qing-Shui Z, Yong W, Xue-Yi X and Ning X. Environmental explanation of prostate cancer progression based on the comprehensive analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls. Sci Total Environ. 2024; 948:174870.

[38] Binhua D, Zhen L, Tianjie Y, Junfeng W, Yan Z, Xunyuan T, Juntao W, Shaomei L, Hongning C, Huan C, Xiaoli C, Xinxin H, Zheng Z, et al. Development, validation, and clinical application of a machine learning model for risk stratification and management of cervical cancer screening based on full-genotyping hrHPV test (SMART-HPV): a modelling study. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2025; 55:101480.

[39] Li J, Song X, Ni Y, Zhu S, Chen W, Zhao Y, Yi J, Xia L, Nie S, Shang Q and Liu L. Time trends of 16 modifiable risk factors on the burden of major cancers among the Chinese population. International journal of cancer. 2024; 154(8):1443-1454.

[40] Xin J, Gu D, Li S, Qian S, Cheng Y, Shao W, Ben S, Chen S, Zhu L, Jin M, Chen K, Hu Z, Zhang Z, et al. Integration of pathologic characteristics, genetic risk and lifestyle exposure for colorectal cancer survival assessment. Nature communications. 2024; 15(1):3042.

[41] Deng J, Zhou Y, Dai W, Chen H, Zhou C, Zhu C, Ma X, Pan S, Cui Y, Xu J, Zhao E, Wang M, Chen J, et al. Noninvasive predictive models based on lifestyle analysis and risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology. 2023; 38(10):1768-1777.

[42] Peng Y, Wang P, Du H, Liu F, Wang X, Si C, Gong J, Zhou H, Chen K and Song F. Cardiovascular health, polygenic risk score, and cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. The American journal of clinical nutrition. 2024; 120(4):785-793.

[43] Gao R, Yuan X, Ma Y, Wei T, Johnston L, Shao Y, Lv W, Zhu T, Zhang Y, Zheng J, Chen G, Sun J, Wang Y, et al. Harnessing TME depicted by histological images to improve cancer prognosis through a deep learning system. Cell reports Medicine. 2024; 5(5):101536.

[44] Wanli M, Lin X, Yixuan W, Shen C, Daochuan L, Xiaoyu H, Ruoxi L, Xiaoxiao Z, Ningning C, Yuan J, Jiao L, Chuanhai L, Kunming Z, et al. piR-27222 mediates PM(2.5)-induced lung cancer by resisting cell PANoptosis through the WTAP/m(6)A axis. Environ Int. 2024; 190:108928.

[45] Xu H, Wei Y, Bao Q, Wang Y, Li X, Huang D, Liu F, Li Y, Zhao Y, Zhao X, Xiao Q, Gao S, Chen R, et al. Dietary protein intake and PM on ovarian cancer survival: A prospective cohort study. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2025; 291:117798.

[46] Shi Z, Li M, Zhang C, Li H, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Li X, Li L, Wang X, Fu X, Sun Z, Zhang X, Tian L, et al. Faecalibacterium prausnitziiButyrate-producing suppresses natural killer/T-cell lymphoma by dampening the JAK-STAT pathway. Gut. 2025; 74(4):557-570.

[47] Xu Z, Meng S, Xu R, Ma D, Dzakah E, Zheng H, Yao T, Ni C and Zhao B. Establishment of novel colorectal cancer organoid model based on tumor microenvironment analysis. Life medicine. 2024; 3(4):lnae027.

[48] Zhi Y, Wang Q, Zi M, Zhang S, Ge J, Liu K, Lu L, Fan C, Yan Q, Shi L, Chen P, Fan S, Liao Q, et al. Spatial Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Landscapes of Oral Submucous Fibrosis-Derived Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and its Tumor Microenvironment. Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany). 2024; 11(12):e2306515.

[49] Bernicker EH. Environmental Oncology Theory and Impact. Springer Cham; 2023.

[50] Palliyaguru N, Palliyaguru DL, Liyanage S. Geographical Mapping of Biological and Environmental Risk Factors of Colorectal Cancer in the United States. JCO Global Oncology. 2024;35(6):635-44.

[51] Ige O, Ratnayake IP, Martinez J, Pepper S, Alsup A, McGuirk M, et al. A Regional Study to Evaluate the Impact of Coal-fired Power Plants on Lung Cancer Incident Rates. Preventive oncology & epidemiology. 2024;2(1):2348469.

[52] Sahyoun L, Chen K, Tsay C, Chen G, Protiva P. Clinical and socioeconomic determinants of survival in biliary tract adenocarcinomas. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024;16(4):1374-1383.

[53] Mavromanoli AC, Sikorski C, Behzad D, Manji K, Kreatsoulas C. Adverse childhood experiences and cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2024.117:105088.

[54] VoPham T, White AJ, Jones RR. Geospatial Science for the Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer in the Exposome Era. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 2024; 33:451 - 460.

[55] Su H, Chen L, Wu J, et al. Proteogenomic characterization reveals tumorigenesis and progression of lung cancer manifested as subsolid nodules. Nat Commun. 2025;16(1):2414.

[56] Zhang M, Mo J, Huang W-S, Bao Y-R, Luo X, Yuan L. The ovarian cancer-associated microbiome contributes to the tumor’s inflammatory microenvironment. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2024;14:1440742.

[57] Yang K, Wang S, Ding Z, Zhang K, Zhu W, Wang H, et al. Unveiling microbial dynamics in lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent nontumor tissues: insights from nicotine exposure and diverse clinical stages via nanopore sequencing technology. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 2024; 14:1397989.

[58] Medina-Ceballos E, Machado I, Giner F, Blázquez-Bujeda Á, Espino M, Navarro S, et al. Immunological Tumor Microenvironment of Solitary Fibrous Tumors—Associating Immune Infiltrate with Variables of Prognostic Significance. Cancers 2024; 16.

[59] Nascimento Júnior JXD, Gomes JDC, Imbroisi Filho R, et al. Dietary caloric input and tumor growth accelerate senescence and modulate liver and adipose tissue crosstalk. Commun Biol. 2025;8(1):18.

[60] Yavari M, Torpey J, Sabatier M, Carmona A, Szylo KJ, Flores M, et al. Abstract 430: Precision diet and lipid modulating agents to induce lipid oxidation in breast cancer. Cancer Research 2024.

[61] Encarnação CC, Faria GM, Franco VA, Botelho LGX, Moraes JA, Renovato-Martins M. Interconnections within the tumor microenvironment: extracellular vesicles as critical players of metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells. Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2024.

[62] Nakamura K, Tsukasaki M, Tsunematsu T, Yan M, Ando Y, Huynh NC, et al. The periosteum provides a stromal defence against cancer invasion into the bone. Nature 2024; 634(8033):474-481.

[63] Jiang Y, Li Y. Nutrition Intervention and Microbiome Modulation in the Management of Breast Cancer. Nutrients. 2024;16(16):2644.

[64] Han Y, Park JM, Jeong M, Yoo JH, Kim WH, Shin SP, et al. Dietary, non-microbial intervention to prevent Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric diseases. Annals of translational medicine 2015; 3 9:122.

[65] Madrigal-Matute J, Bañón Escandell S. Colorectal Cancer and Microbiota Modulation for Clinical Use. A Systematic Review. Nutrition and Cancer 2021; 75:123 - 139.

[66] Carlander C, Borgfeldt C, Hammarstedt Nordenvall L. Catch up-HPV-vaccination av män [Catch-up vaccination prevents HPV infection and related precancers when given up to age 26]. Lakartidningen. 2025;122:24097.

[67] Kim B-J, Kim S-H. Prediction of inherited genomic susceptibility to 20 common cancer types by a supervised machine-learning method. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2018; 115:1322 - 1327.

[68] Guan S, Xu Z, Yang T, Zhang Y, Zheng Y, Chen T, et al. Identifying potential targets for preventing cancer progression through the PLA2G1B recombinant protein using bioinformatics and machine learning methods. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 276(Pt 1):133918.

[69] Rayapati D, McGlynn KA, Groopman JD, Kim AK. Environmental exposures and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Commun. 2025;9(2):e0627.

[70] Decker A, Quante M. [Esophageal cancer: new developments in prevention and therapy]. Deutsche medizinische Wochenschrift 2024; 149 22:1329-1334.

[71] Rumano RP, Hery CM, Elsaid MI, Washington CM, Degraffinreid CR, Paskett ED. Abstract A151: Examining the influence of health insurance, socioeconomic factors, and rurality on breast cancer screening behaviors in Ohio. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 2024.

[72] Uldbjerg CS, Rantakokko P, Lim YH, et al. Prenatal exposure to organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls and risk of testicular germ cell cancer later in life. Sci Total Environ. Published online March 7, 2025.

[73] Christou CD, Tsoulfas G. Challenges and opportunities in the application of artificial intelligence in gastroenterology and hepatology. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27(37):6191-6223.

[74] Wirbel J, Pyl PT, Kartal E, Zych K, Kashani A, Milanese A, et al. Meta-analysis of fecal metagenomes reveals global microbial signatures that are specific for colorectal cancer. Nat Med 2019; 25(4):679-689.

[75] Schmidt DR, Patel R, Kirsch DG, Lewis CA, Vander Heiden MG, Locasale JW. Metabolomics in cancer research and emerging applications in clinical oncology. CA Cancer J Clin 2021; 71(4):333-358.

[76] Lossow K, Schwarz M, Kipp AP. Are trace element concentrations suitable biomarkers for the diagnosis of cancer? Redox Biol 2021; 42:101900.

[77] Singh AK, Mishra AK. Revolutionizing Brain Tumor Diagnosis: Harnessing Convolutional Neural Networks for Enhanced Prediction and Classification. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (IC2PCT) 2024; 5:245-250.

[78] Ríos Quinte RJ, Ortiz Osorio AB, Toaquiza Toapanta CD, Landi Faican EA, García Toala JA. New advances in artificial intelligence for the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer: a literature review. Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2024.

[79] Allen TA. The Role of Circulating Tumor Cells as a Liquid Biopsy for Cancer: Advances, Biology, Technical Challenges, and Clinical Relevance. Cancers 2024; 16.

[80] Zhang C, Dong H-K, Gao J-M, Zeng Q-Q, Qiu J-T, Wang J-J. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of MET-variant digestive tract tumors. World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2024; 16:4338 - 4353.

[81] Kanarek N, Petrova B, Sabatini DM. Dietary modifications for enhanced cancer therapy. Nature 2020; 579(7800):507-517.

[82] 34. Wang M, Lan T, Williams AM, Ehrhardt MJ, Lanctot JQ, Jiang S, et al. Plant Foods Intake and Risk of Premature Aging in Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer in the St Jude Lifetime Cohort (SJLIFE). J Clin Oncol 2024; 42(13):1553-1562.

[83] Amonoo HL, El-Jawahri A, Deary EC, Traeger LN, Cutler CS, Antin JA, et al. Yin and Yang of Psychological Health in the Cancer Experience: Does Positive Psychology Have a Role? J Clin Oncol 2022; 40(22):2402-2407.

[84] Cao A, Cartmel B, Li FY, Gottlieb LT, Harrigan M, Ligibel JA, et al. Effect of Exercise on Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Among Patients Treated for Ovarian Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6(8):e2326463.

[85] Sanft T, Harrigan M, McGowan C, Cartmel B, Zupa M, Li FY, et al. Randomized Trial of Exercise and Nutrition on Chemotherapy Completion and Pathologic Complete Response in Women With Breast Cancer: The Lifestyle, Exercise, and Nutrition Early After Diagnosis Study. J Clin Oncol 2023; 41(34):5285-5295.

[86] Xia W, Tan Y, Liu Y, Xie N, Zhu H. Prospect of extracellular vesicles in tumor immunotherapy. Front Immunol. 2025;16:1525052.

[87] Wang D, Han X, Liu H-L. The role and research progress of tumor-associated macrophages in cervical cancer. American journal of cancer research 2024; 14 12:5999-6011.

[88] Li H, Cheng S, Zhai J, et al. Platinum based theranostics nanoplatforms for antitumor applications. J Mater Chem B. 2023;11(35):8387-8403.

[89] Xiang Y, Chen Q, Nan Y, Liu M, Xiao Z, Yang Y, et al. Nitric Oxide‐Based Nanomedicines for Conquering TME Fortress: Say “NO” to Insufficient Tumor Treatment. Advanced Functional Materials 2023; 34.

[90] Liu Y, Wang D, Luan Y, et al. The application of organoids in colorectal diseases. Front Pharmacol. 2024;15:1412489.

[91] Tofani LB, Abriata JP, Luiz MT, Marchetti JM, Swiech K. Establishment and characterization of an in vitro 3D ovarian cancer model for drug screening assays. Biotechnology Progress 2020; 36.

[92] Ahmed Z, Chaudhary F, Agrawal DK. Epidemiology, Mechanisms and Prevention in the Etiology of Environmental Factor-Induced Cardiovascular Diseases. Journal of environmental science and public health 2024; 8 2:59-69.

[93] Zhang A, Luo X, Li Y, Yan L, Lai X, Yang Q, et al. Epigenetic changes driven by environmental pollutants in lung carcinogenesis: a comprehensive review. Frontiers in Public Health 2024; 12.

[94] Neja SA, Dashwood WM, Dashwood RH, Rajendran P. Histone Acyl Code in Precision Oncology: Mechanistic Insights from Dietary and Metabolic Factors. Nutrients 2024; 16.

[95] Pariollaud M, Ibrahim LH, Irizarry E, Mello RM, Chan AB, Altman BJ, et al. Circadian disruption enhances HSF1 signaling and tumorigenesis in Kras-driven lung cancer. Sci Adv 2022; 8(39):eabo1123.

[96] Swanton C, Bernard E, Abbosh C, André F, Auwerx J, Balmain A, et al. Embracing cancer complexity: Hallmarks of systemic disease. Cell 2024; 187(7):1589-1616.

[97] Hasegawa S, Shoji Y, Kato M, Elzawahry A, Nagai M, Gi M, et al. Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis of Model Organisms Elucidates the Association Between Environmental Factors and Human Cancer Development. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2024; 25.

[98] Anvari S, Osei E, Maftoon N. Interactions of platelets with circulating tumor cells contribute to cancer metastasis. Sci Rep 2021; 11(1):15477.

[99] Maas RR, Soukup K, Fournier N, Massara M, Galland S, Kornete M, et al. The local microenvironment drives activation of neutrophils in human brain tumors. Cell 2023; 186(21):4546-4566.e4527.

[100] Montégut L, López-Otín C, Kroemer G. Aging and cancer. Mol Cancer 2024; 23(1):106.

[101] Liu J, Gan T, Hu W, Li Y. Current status and perspectives in environmental oncology. Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine 2024; 10:293 - 301.

[102] McAllister K, Mechanic LE, Amos C, Aschard H, Blair IA, Chatterjee N, et al. Current Challenges and New Opportunities for Gene-Environment Interaction Studies of Complex Diseases. Am J Epidemiol 2017; 186(7):753-761.

[103] Carbone M, Arron ST, Beutler B, Bononi A, Cavenee W, Cleaver JE, et al. Tumour predisposition and cancer syndromes as models to study gene-environment interactions. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20(9):533-549.

[104] Liu J, Huang B, Ding F, Li Y. Environment factors, DNA methylation, and cancer. Environ Geochem Health 2023; 45(11):7543-7568.

[105] Ginsburg O, Ashton-Prolla P, Cantor A, Mariosa D, Brennan P. The role of genomics in global cancer prevention. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2021; 18(2):116-128.

[106] Ojha RP, Offutt-Powell TN, Evans EL, Singh KP. Correlation coefficients in ecologic studies of environment and cancer. Arch Environ Occup Health 2011; 66(4):241-244.

[107] Gray JM, Rasanayagam S, Engel C, Rizzo J. State of the evidence 2017: an update on the connection between breast cancer and the environment. Environ Health 2017; 16(1):94.

[108] Atwood ST, Lunn RM, Garner SC, Jahnke GD. New Perspectives for Cancer Hazard Evaluation by the Report on Carcinogens: A Case Study Using Read-Across Methods in the Evaluation of Haloacetic Acids Found as Water Disinfection By-Products. Environ Health Perspect 2019; 127(12):125003.

[109] Rashid T, Bennett JE, Muller DC, Cross AJ, Pearson-Stuttard J, Asaria P, et al. Mortality from leading cancers in districts of England from 2002 to 2019: a population-based, spatiotemporal study. Lancet Oncol 2024; 25(1):86-98.

[110] Liao W, Coupland CAC, Burchardt J, Baldwin DR, Gleeson FV, Hippisley-Cox J. Predicting the future risk of lung cancer: development, and internal and external validation of the CanPredict (lung) model in 19·67 million people and evaluation of model performance against seven other risk prediction models. Lancet Respir Med 2023; 11(8):685-697.

[111] Fitzgerald RC, Antoniou AC, Fruk L, Rosenfeld N. The future of early cancer detection. Nature Medicine 2022.

[112] Honda GS, Pearce RG, Pham LL, et al. Using the concordance of in vitro and in vivo data to evaluate extrapolation assumptions. PLoS One. 2019;14(5):e0217564.

[113] Neveu V, Nicolas G, Salek RM, Wishart DS, Scalbert A. Exposome-Explorer 2.0: an update incorporating candidate dietary biomarkers and dietary associations with cancer risk. Nucleic Acids Res. 2020;48(D1):D908-D912.

[114] Vermeulen R, Schymanski EL, Barabási AL, Miller GW. The exposome and health: Where chemistry meets biology. Science. 2020;367(6476):392-396.

[115] Dey MK, Iftesum M, Devireddy R, Gartia MR. New technologies and reagents in lateral flow assay (LFA) designs for enhancing accuracy and sensitivity. Anal Methods. 2023;15(35):4351-4376.

[116] Raska P, Su Z, Robert NJ. Pan-tumor circulating tumor DNA testing in the community oncology setting. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024.

[117] Sharoev TA. Innovative technologies in pediatric surgical oncology: a 3D4K operating exoscope in open abdominal surgery. Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Immunopathology 2024.

[118] Shui L, Ren H, Yang X, Li J, Chen Z, Yi C, et al. The Era of Radiogenomics in Precision Medicine: An Emerging Approach to Support Diagnosis, Treatment Decisions, and Prognostication in Oncology. Frontiers in Oncology 2021; 10.

[119] Kehl KL, Mazor T, Trukhanov P, Lindsay J, Galvin MR, Farhat KS, et al. Identifying Oncology Clinical Trial Candidates Using Artificial Intelligence Predictions of Treatment Change: A Pilot Implementation Study. JCO precision oncology 2024; 8:e2300507.

[120] Yildiz F, Oksuzoglu B. Teleoncology or telemedicine for oncology patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: the new normal for breast cancer survivors?. Future Oncol. 2020;16(28):2191-2195.

[121] Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration; Kocarnik JM, Compton K, Dean FE, Fu W, Gaw BL, et al. Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. JAMA Oncology.2022;8(3):420-444..

[122] Wu S, Zhu W, Thompson P, Hannun YA. Evaluating intrinsic and non-intrinsic cancer risk factors. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):3490.

[123] Gotay C, Dummer T, Spinelli J. Cancer risk: prevention is crucial. Science. 2015;347(6223):728.

[124] Ahmed M, Rauf M, Mukhtar Z, Saeed NA. Excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizers: an unawareness causing serious threats to environment and human health. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017;24(35):26983-26987.

[125] McGrady ME, Willard VW, Williams AM, Brinkman TM. Psychological Outcomes in Adolescent and Young Adult Cancer Survivors. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42(6):707-716.

[126] The Lancet Oncology. Climate crisis and cancer: the need for urgent action. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(10):1341.

[127] Nature's 10: ten people (and one non-human) who helped shape science in 2023. Nature. 2023;624(7992):495.

[128] Denny L, Kataria I, Huang L, Schmeler KM. Cervical cancer kills 300,000 people a year - here's how to speed up its elimination. Nature. 2024;626(7997):30-32.

[129] McNulty K, Nahar K. Geospatial Modelling Predicts Agricultural Microplastic Hotspots from Biosolid Application Risks. Agronomy 2024.

[130] Zha H, Li S, Zhuge A, et al. Hazard assessment of airborne and foodborne biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoates microplastics and non-biodegradable polypropylene microplastics. Environ Int. 2025;196:109311.

[131] Fan Y, Liu S, Gao EY, Guo R, Dong G, Li Y, et al. The LMIT: Light-mediated minimally-invasive theranostics in oncology. Theranostics 2024; 14:341 - 362.

[132] Wang H, Ji Z, Liu R, Hu H, Sun W. Bibliometric Analysis of Research Status, Hotspots, and Prospects of UV/PS for Environmental Pollutant Removal. Water 2024.

[133] Zhang L. Environmental hotspots, frontiers and analytical framework of Blue Carbon research: a quantitative analysis of knowledge map based on CiteSpace. Frontiers in Environmental Science 2024.

[134] Du Z, Ruan Y, Chen J, Fang J, Xiao S, Shi Y, et al. Global Trends and Hotspots in Research on the Health Risks of Organophosphate Flame Retardants: A Bibliometric and Visual Analysis. Toxics 2024; 12.

[135] Iacobucci G. Whole genome sequencing can help guide cancer care, study reports. BMJ. 2024;384:q65.

[136] O'Leary K. Raising the bar for AI in cancer screening. Nature Medicine 2023.

[137] Mbemi A, Khanna S, Njiki S, Yedjou CG, Tchounwou PB. Impact of Gene-Environment Interactions on Cancer Development. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(21):8089.

[138] López J, Blanco S. Exploring the role of ribosomal RNA modifications in cancer. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2024;86:102204.

[139] Falvo DJ, Grimont A, Zumbo P, et al. A reversible epigenetic memory of inflammatory injury controls lineage plasticity and tumor initiation in the mouse pancreas. Dev Cell. 2023;58(24):2959-2973.e7.

[140] Schrag D, Beer TM, McDonnell CH 3rd, et al. Blood-based tests for multicancer early detection (PATHFINDER): a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2023;402(10409):1251-1260.

[141] Zhou H, Liu F, Xu J, et al. Relationships of sarcopenia symptoms and dietary patterns with lung cancer risk: a prospective cohort study. Food Funct. Published online February 27, 2025.

[142] Spano G, Giannico V, Elia M, Bosco A, Lafortezza R, Sanesi G. Human Health–Environment Interaction Science: An emerging research paradigm. Science of the Total Environment 2019.

[143] Tan M, Song B, Zhao X, Du J. The role and mechanism of compressive stress in tumor. Frontiers in Oncology 2024; 14.

[144] Ding M. Frontier Research on Miniature Sensor Technology in Precision Detection Field. International Journal of Frontiers in Engineering Technology 2024.

[145] Jacob EM, Huang J, Chen M. Lipid nanoparticle-based mRNA vaccines: a new frontier in precision oncology. Precision Clinical Medicine 2024; 7.

[146] Dong K, Li J, Chen W, Tang Q, Wu Q, Zhong P. The Heterogeneous Impact of Economic and Environmental Policy Uncertainty on the Digital Economy: Fresh Evidence Based on the Bilateral Stochastic Frontier Model. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 2024.

[147] Sosinsky A, Ambrose J, Cross W, et al. Insights for precision oncology from the integration of genomic and clinical data of 13,880 tumors from the 100,000 Genomes Cancer Programme. Nat Med. 2024;30(1):279-289.

[148] Trehearne A. Genetics, lifestyle and environment. UK Biobank is an open access resource following the lives of 500,000 participants to improve the health of future generations. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2016;59(3):361-367.

[149] Tran L, Nguyen LHD, Nguyen HT-H, Nguyen D, Tang H-S, Giang H, et al. Analytical and clinical validation of a circulating tumor DNA–based assay for multicancer early detection. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024.

[150] Kotecki N, Martins-Branco D, Nader-Marta G, Gombos A, Barthélémy P, Goncalves A, et al. Abstract CT202: CSFctDNA as a surrogate for tumor tissue DNA in BC pts with CNS metastases: First results from the Brainstorm program (Oncodistinct 006). Cancer Research 2024.

[151] ian P, Pan Z, Zeng X, Zhu Y. Who takes the lead: Synergistic emission reduction effects of proactive government and efficient market in atmospheric pollution mitigation. J Environ Manage. 2024;371:123001.

[152] He S, Wang M. [Research progress on genome-guided precision oncology and development ideas of antitumor Chinese medicine]. Zhongguo Zhong yao za zhi = Zhongguo zhongyao zazhi = China journal of Chinese materia medica 2023; 48 6:1421-1430.

[153] Tan WY, Nagabhyrava S, Ang-Olson O, Das P, Ladel L, Sailo BL, et al. Translation of Epigenetics in Cell-Free DNA Liquid Biopsy Technology and Precision Oncology. Current Issues in Molecular Biology 2024; 46:6533 - 6565.

[154] Ma C, Zhou MY, Li XL. Practice Education of Environmental Engineering Based on Occupational Skill Improvement. In; 2015.

[155] Wang Z, Xia Q, Meng P, Lu C, Yang H, Feng XL, et al. Social determinants of health and cancer screening in China. Lancet Reg Health West Pac 2024; 44:101043.

[156] Jiang J, Zhang L, Wang Z, Gu W, Yang C, Shen Y, et al. Spatial consistency of co-exposure to air and surface water pollution and cancer in China. Nat Commun 2024; 15(1):7813.

[157] Chen J, Cui Y, Deng Y, Xiang Y, Chen J, Wang Y, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of cancers attributable to particulate matter pollution from 1990 to 2019 and projection to 2050: Worsening or improving? J Hazard Mater 2024; 477:135319.

[158] Shi Y, Xia W, Liu H, Liu J, Cao S, Fang X, et al. Trihalomethanes in global drinking water: Distributions, risk assessments, and attributable disease burden of bladder cancer. J Hazard Mater 2024; 469:133760.

[159] Li Y, Zheng Y, Huang J, Nie RC, Wu QN, Zuo Z, et al. CAF-macrophage crosstalk in tumour microenvironments governs the response to immune checkpoint blockade in gastric cancer peritoneal metastases. Gut 2025; 74(3):350-363.

[160] Li SW, Zhang LH, Cai Y, Zhou XB, Fu XY, Song YQ, et al. Deep learning assists detection of esophageal cancer and precursor lesions in a prospective, randomized controlled study. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16(743):eadk5395.

[161] Liu M, Yang W, Guo C, Liu Z, Li F, Liu A, et al. Effectiveness of Endoscopic Screening on Esophageal Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A 9-Year Report of the Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Cancer in China (ESECC) Randomized Trial. J Clin Oncol 2024; 42(14):1655-1664.

[162] Chen WJ, Yu X, Lu YQ, Pfeiffer RM, Ling W, Xie SH, et al. Impact of an Epstein-Barr Virus Serology-Based Screening Program on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Mortality: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Oncol 2025; 43(1):22-31.

[163] Zhong L, Gan L, Wang B, Wu T, Yao F, Gong W, et al. Hyperacute rejection-engineered oncolytic virus for interventional clinical trial in refractory cancer patients. Cell 2025; 188(4):1119-1136.e1123.

[164] Jia D, Wang Q, Qi Y, Jiang Y, He J, Lin Y, et al. Microbial metabolite enhances immunotherapy efficacy by modulating T cell stemness in pan-cancer. Cell 2024; 187(7):1651-1665.e1621.